Bills pending in Parliament (lapsed or long-pending)

At dissolution of the 17th Lok Sabha (June 2024), all pending bills lapsed as per constitutional convention. The 16th Lok Sabha (2014-19) had 330+ bills pass with 181 pending at dissolution. The 17th LS introduced the practice of referring fewer bills to committees before passage — reducing delays but also scrutiny. Major pending legislation as of 2024: Personal Data Protection Bill (withdrawn 2022, successor DPDP Act passed 2023), EWS quota challenges in Supreme Court (resolved 2022).